A Randomized Controlled Trial of
Auricular Acupuncture for Cocaine Dependence
by
Avants SK, Margolin A, Holford TR, Kosten TR
Substance Abuse Center,
Yale University School of Medicine,
34 Park St,
New Haven,
CT 06519.
arthur.margolin@yale.edu
Arch Intern Med 2000 Aug 14/28;160(15):2305-2312
ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Partly because of a lack of a conventional, effective treatment for cocaine addiction, auricular acupuncture is used to treat this disorder in numerous drug treatment facilities across the country for both primary cocaine-dependent and opiate-dependent populations. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of auricular acupuncture for the treatment of cocaine addiction. METHODS: Eighty-two cocaine-dependent, methadone-maintained patients were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: auricular acupuncture, a needle-insertion control condition, or a no-needle relaxation control. Treatment sessions were provided 5 times weekly for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was cocaine use assessed by 3-times-weekly urine toxicology screens. RESULTS: Longitudinal analysis of the urine data for the intent-to-treat sample showed that patients assigned to acupuncture were significantly more likely to provide cocaine-negative urine samples relative to both the relaxation control (odds ratio, 3.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-8.72; P =.01) and the needle-insertion control (odds ratio, 2.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-5.75; P =.05). CONCLUSIONS: Findings from the current study suggest that acupuncture shows promise for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Further investigation of this treatment modality appears to be warrantedAcupuncture
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N-acetyl cysteine/cocaine craving
Kappa receptors, dopamine D3 and cocaine
Cocaine, dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12
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